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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
POSTER ABSTRACTSTempe Supplementation In High Choles-terol Diets Does Not Improve Dislipide-mia In Cynomolgus Macaques
T. Ungerer, R.P.A. Lelana, D. Sajuthi, I.Soeparto, I.D. Lelana.
Primate Research Center, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
Tempe is a traditional food of Indonesia consisting of fermented soybean. This food source is considered to have benefical health effects particularly with regard to its normolipidemic effects. Data supporting the long-term normolipidemic effect of tempe, however, is still limited. In an attempt to provide a better understanding of the subject, experiments were conducted to study the lipid lowering effect of tempe in induced hypercholesterolemic macaques. Three groups (n=20/group) of adult male Macaca fascicularis were fed test diets over a 12 month period. The first group (A) was given a high lipid (41%/Cal) and cholesterol (0.64 mg/Cal) diet, the second (T1) and third group (T2) were given diets similar to the first group supplemented with tempe 3.6% and 16.2%, respectively. All three diets were isocaloric. Parameters were observed every two months during the test period and included: total plasma cholesterol (TPC), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglyceride (TG), arterial wall cholesterol (thoracic and abdominal aorta) content, and coronary intimal thickening (LAD=left anterior descending and LCX=left circumflex). TPC in all three groups increased reaching a peak level of around 600 mg/dl after six months. Even though TG levels in T2 were consistently lower (P<0.10) compared to A and T1, these levels increased during the test period in all groups. Following two months on the test diet, HDL-c in T2 significantly increased (78.28 mg/dl) (P<0.10) compared to A (57.33 mg/dl) and T1 (58.90 mg/dl). However, these changes were not sustained during the subsequent test period. There were no significant changes in cholesterol content of the aortic wall. The area of intimal thickening of LAD was significantly (P<0.01) different among the three test groups (A = 0.155 mm2; T1= 0.176 mm2; T2= 0.212 mm2). LCX intimal thickening in T1 (0.232 mm2) and T2 (0.239 mm2) were significantly higher (P<0.01) than A (0,136 mm2). These data demonstrate that tempe supplementation was ineffective in lowering blood lipids in the presence of severe dislipidemia and suggest that this was attributed to the masking effect of high cholesterol intake. Apparently tempe also potentiated the atherogenic stimulus of long-term exogenous cholesterol feeding.
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