Scientific Program (Oral Abstracts) | Poster Abstracts | Speaker List
SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
(Oral Abstracts)Soy and Cancer
Soy Consumption and Cancer Risk : Human StudiesThe Association of Dietary Phytoestrogens With the Risk for Endometrial Cancer
Marc T. Goodman, Lynne R. Wilkens, Jean N. Hankin, Laurence N. Kolonel, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96825 USA.The objective of this population-based case-control study was to examine the role of dietary phytoestrogens, particularly tofu and other soy products, in the etiology of endometrial cancer. Cases included 341 women (Hawaiian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, white) on the Island of Oahu with histologically-confirmed primary endometrial cancer identified through the Hawaii Tumor Registry. Population controls (N-523) with intact uteri were selected randomly from lists of Oahu residents participating in an annual survey conducted by the Hawaii Department of Health. All subjects were interviewed in their homes using a standardized dietary questionnaire. The risks associated with different levels of the exposure variables were evaluated by unconditional logistic regression. Total caloric intake was positively related to the risk of endometrial cancer, but the trend was not monotonic. There was no association of fat or protein intake with the risk of endometrial cancer after adjustment for calories, but there was a weak, negative association with carbohydrate consumption. Dietary fiber, especially from cereals, was inversely related to risk. Several groups of phytoestrogen-containing foods were selected for analysis, including legumes, whole grain foods, vegetables, fruit, some alcoholic beverages, and seaweed. We found a negative, monotonic gradient (p for trend = 0.004) of risk associated with increasing consumption of legumes, especially tofu and other soy products. Odds ratios (95% CI) were 0.66 (0.42-1.04), 0.56 (0.34-0.92), and 0.50 (0.30-0.95) for the three highest compared to the lowest intake quartile. The data also suggest an inverse association of dried peas and beans with the risk of endometrial cancer, although this relation was weaker than that of soy product consumption. The intake of whole grain foods, including whole grain cereals, was inversely related to the risk of endometrial cancer, but the gradients in risk were non-monotonic. These data suggest that women on a diet rich in soy and fiber could be at reduced risk of endometrial cancer.
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